Tecnología comunitaria/Resaltado sintáctico de wikitexto
El resaltado de sintaxis está disponible en el editor wikitext clásico, como un botón (
) que aparece en la barra de herramientas. También está disponible en el editor Wikitext 2017, como una opción que aparece en el menú desplegable "icono del menú de hamburguesas".
El usuario puede activar y desactivar el resaltado usando ese botón. Esto se realiza a través de una preferencia oculta, por lo que si lo apagas, permanecerá apagado hasta que lo vuelvas a encender. Después de activar por primera vez, el resaltado se desactiva, por lo que debe activarlo manualmente para hacer que funcione.
CodeMirror  | |
|---|---|
| Syntax highlighting for wikitext editor | |
| Grupo: | Tecnología Comunitaria |
| Miembros del equipo: | Joydeep Sengupta, Dayllan Maza, Harumi Monroy, MusikAnimal, Sam Wilson, Karolin Siebert, Sandister Tei, Sammy Tarling |
| Líder: | MusikAnimal |
| Actualizaciones: | Updates |
El proyecto de resaltado sintáctico de wikitexto trata de facilitar la edición de wikitexto mediante el uso de colores y sombreado para separar visualmente con mayor facilidad el texto que constituye el artículo del código empleado para los enlaces, referencias y plantillas. Esto ayudará a los editores que trabajen en párrafos con muchas referencias o plantillas complicadas donde es fácil poner una llave de más o de menos y estropear la plantilla. El resaltado sintáctico utiliza la extensión CodeMirror.
La funcionalidad fue construida principalmente por el desarrollador voluntario Pastakhov; el equipo de Tecnología Comunitaria le ayudó a terminarla y desplegarla. Desde el lado de Tecnología Comunitaria, Niharika y Ryan hicieron el grueso del trabajo, con ayuda de Ed Sanders del equipo de Edición para su integración con el modo de wikitexto del editor visual.
As of September 2023, Community Tech is working on upgrading to CodeMirror 6, which will bring great enhancements such as RTL support, improved performance, accessiblity, and mobile support.
Justificación
Hemos decidido usar Extension:CodeMirror como la herramienta de resaltado sintáctico.
Las ventajas que ofrece CodeMirror son:
- Rendimiento mucho más rápido, está muy optimizado.
- Usa efectos de estilo «wysiwyg» para que sea más fácil ver el impacto de los elementos de wikitexto: por ejemplo, las palabras en negrita se muestran en negrita; las cursivas en cursiva.
- Los títulos de sección son más grandes, lo cual ayuda al editor navegar en la pantalla.
- Los enlaces aparecen subrayados en azul, lo cual ayuda a reconocerlos mejor como enlaces. Cuando el texto para mostrar es diferente del enlace, el enlace se muestra en azul y el texto después de la tubería (|) está en negro para indicar que esa es la parte que se verá como texto.
- Usa texto coloreado en negrita para los parámetros de las plantillas y texto coloreado normal para los valores.
- Usa un resaltado del fondo del texto para los enlaces, pero no para otros elementos. Demasiado resaltado de fondo puede dificultar el reconocimiento visual del wikitexto.
- Espera a que el editor termine de escribir antes de cambiar los colores para permitirle terminar de escribir el enlace o las marcas de negrita/cursiva sin hacer que todo el texto a continuación vaya alternando rápidamente los estilos.
Antes de optar por CodeMirror, nos fijamos en wikEd de Cacycle y el resaltador sintáctico de Remember the dot.
Status Updates
26 de marzo de 2024
CodeMirror 6 is now deployed to Test Wikipedia. We invite users to try it out and provide feedback. It will be slowly deployed to more wikis in the coming weeks.
13 de septiembre de 2023
Community Tech is working on upgrading the extension to use the latest version of the CodeMirror library. This promises to bring many enhancements such as RTL support, improved performance, accessibility, and mobile support.
9 de marzo de 2022
Bracket matching and improved syntax highlighting colors will be implemented on all wikis (except English Wikipedia (March 16)). (more information)
14 de junio de 2018
Syntax highlighting has graduated from Beta Feature status and is now available for all users inside the 2010 Wikitext Editor on all left-to-right language wikis, in addition to all languages in the 2017 Wikitext Editor. The feature can be enabled during any edit by selecting the 🖋 Highlight icon in the toolbar.
We hope this feature makes it easier to edit in wikitext and debug malformed markup. We'd love to hear your feedback on the talkpage.
30 de mayo de 2018
Syntax highlighting is now available for all users inside the 2017 Wikitext Editor on all wikis. In the 2010 wikitext editor we have decided to not fix any of the edge case defects for Internet Explorer or Edge, and we are not going to support IME editing (phab:T194102).
Community Tech is currently focusing all attention on another 6-week project so development will resume in July. We hope to have the feature released by the end of July or early August. You can track the rollout here: phab:T185030.
30 de abril de 2018
Syntax highlighting will be available without a beta feature for 2017 Wikitext Editor on all Wikimedia projects (LTR and RTL) this week.
26 de abril de 2018
We are nearly ready to graduate this feature from beta on the 2017 wikitext editor for both LTR and RTL languages and the 2010 wikitext editor for LTR languages. We're been working on fixing the last bout of bugs from different browsers+editor combination.
When graduated from beta, the feature will be available for all users inside the wikitext editor, but will still require enabling by clicking the ✍️ highlighter icon in the toolbar or ≡ menu.
7 de marzo de 2018
"Wikitext editor syntax highlighting" has survived as a beta feature for more than six months now. The influx of bug reports we saw when it was first launched has been reduced to a trickle. There are some outstanding bugs that the team is working on fixing.
Unfortunately, work on getting RTL support is still pending. The issues with RTL lie in the underlying library for the extension, CodeMirror, and need support from the library maintainer to get fixed. The library is undergoing a rewrite after which we will potentially be able to address the RTL issues. The extension is on the Hebrew beta wiki where the RTL issues can be tested.
We're hoping to get "Wikitext editor syntax highlighting" out of beta within the next month. The feature will be available for all to use by default as a toolbar option in the 2010 and 2017 Wikitext editors. You can follow phab:T185030 to stay up-to-date with the developments on this project.
19 de septiembre de 2017
Happy to report that a couple important bugs are fixed! Ctrl-F browser search now works for both the regular edit window and the new wikitext mode, and word jumping using the option+arrow key now works on Mac browsers.
Fixing browser spellcheck is close to done; we'll be releasing that fix soon.
We still need to fix an issue with the new wikitext mode not respecting whether the beta feature is turned on or off -- you can turn it off on the Beta features page, but still see it on in the new wikitext mode. You can follow progress on this ticket: phab:T173480.
7 de septiembre de 2017
We're currently working on an important bug -- the Ctrl-F browser search only works if the text you're looking for is currently displayed in the edit window, or just below it. We've been investigating this for the last couple of weeks; here's an update on how it's going. You can follow progress on this ticket: phab:T174480.
We were looking at using the search add-on that GitHub uses in their version of CodeMirror, and it's not an acceptable solution for us. It only works when you've got the cursor in the edit window -- if you're not inside the edit window, ctrl-F still gives you the browser search. That's not very discoverable -- for some people, it would just be broken sometimes. The add-on also uses a combination of ctrl-F to start the search and ctrl-G to move from one highlighted word to another, which is also not very discoverable. So that is a dead end for us.
We're now investigating a couple other options, including loading the page outside the edit window in the background, after the text in the edit window is displayed. This might slow things down, so we're testing the performance.
We're still focused on solving this issue; I'm sorry it's not fixed yet.
23 de agosto de 2017
Some feedback from Andy M. on Wikimedia-L to consider:
- "My first impression is that it is lacking in contrast – it's far harder, now, to differentiate the various types of content. Indeed the colour pairs used (e.g. #8800CC vs. #AAAAB3) fail WCAG web accessibility guidelines for colour contrast. I realise that choice of styling colours is a "bikeshed" matter, but contrast ratio is a quantifiable and objective accessibility issue. Also, because the script does not load immediately, the larger headings cause the page to "dance" as the script kicks in."
2 de agosto de 2017
Syntax Highlighting has now been released as a Beta feature on all LTR Wikimedia projects! We hope that people love using the new feature. Please leave feedback on the talk page!
We're still working on making it work for RTL languages; you can follow this progress on this ticket: T170001.
Temporarily turned off, see phabricator:T172458.
18 de julio de 2017
CodeMirror deployed to Simple English Wikipedia as a Beta Feature.
22 de marzo de 2017
Team discussion, playing with CodeMirror on CommTechwiki. Performance is good, as advertised. We're generally happy with the highlighting choices. We found some bugs, and some elements that should be improved -- for example, ref tags aren't highlighted in the current version. Ryan took a lot of notes, and he'll be working on these issues -- either working with the developers, or making adjustments on our own version.
21 de marzo de 2017
Ryan talked to Ed S on the Editing team -- they're interested in including the syntax highlighter in the new wikitext editor. This will require some investigation.
There's a current hacked version by Ed: https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/#/c/343878/
This version works by loading CodeMirror underneath the WikiText editor surface, making the text and background of the WikiText editor transparent, and syncing user input from the WikiText editor to the CodeMirror surface as it is entered. The problem is that it's sluggish and has syncing issues -- see phab:T161054 and phab:T161052 for more.
27 de febrero de 2017
There's an existing extension -- Extension:CodeMirror -- that provides wikitext syntax highlighting on demand, adding a button at the top of the wikitext editor to turn highlighting on and off. (This uses a sticky preference so that an editor can turn it on once, and then see it on all future page loads.) The highlighting is acceptably fast, it takes less than a second even on a lengthy article like English WP's Barack Obama page.
There are two different use cases for syntax highlighting -- essentially, it could be a power editor feature, or a new editor training tool. Very active editors want syntax highlighting to help them edit; if this is the use case that we're focusing on, then we can make it a special preference, and let people decide if they want to use it. If we want to focus on helping new editors, then the feature would have to be on by default, and would require much stricter QA. The comments on the Wishlist proposal and votes indicate that people are requesting the power editor feature.
With that in mind -- we're planning to deploy CodeMirror as a special preference for the old wikitext editor. This will need some instruction on the preferences page to explain how to use the button & turn it on.
The VE team is planning to include this in the 2017 wikitext editor as well; we'll talk to Ed S. to see how we can work together. We'll have to make sure we agree on the color choices. In general, we'll be expected to explain the color choices, so we'll look at the existing CodeMirror colors and make sure we understand the rationale.
Another thing we have to figure out -- how will this work outside of en.wp?
Enlaces importantes
- Propuesta en la lista de deseos y votos al respecto
- Tique de Phabricator que registra el trabajo
- Notas de las reuniones
Personalización de color y estilo
Puedes sustituir los colores y estilos empleados por defecto por los que quieras definiendo tus propios colores y estilos para las clases enumeradas en la siguiente tabla en tu página common.css (Usuario:Ejemplo/common.css).
Si no estás familiarizado con el CSS, revisa la sección para principiantes a continuación.
Puedes controlar la apariencia de la ventana de edición de CodeMirror en su conjunto, utilizando la clase CSS .CodeMirror-lines. Usa esto bajo tu propio riesgo. Algunas cosas como cambiar el
line-height no funcionarán en el editor wikitext 2017. También ten cuidado que las reglas agregadas para cualquiera de las clases de CSS abajo tendrán prioridad.
| CSS Class(es) | Element | CodeMirror styling (CSS) | wikEd's styling (See InitFrameCSS) | Schnark's styling | Rememberthedot's styling |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .cm-mw-skipformatting | leading space | foo bar | foo bar | foo bar | |
| .cm-mw-list | asterisk or number sign | * foo bar, # foo bar | * foo bar # foo bar | * foo bar # foo bar | * foo bar # foo bar |
| .cm-mw-signature, .cm-mw-hr |
signature, horizontal rule | ∼∼∼∼, ---- | ~~~~, ---- | ~~~~, ---- | ~~~~, ---- |
| .cm-mw-indenting | colons | ::: foo bar | ::: foo bar | ::: foo bar | ::: foo bar |
| .cm-mw-mnemonic | HTML entities | & | & | & | & |
| .cm-mw-comment | HTML comment | <!-- comment --> | <!-- comment --> | <!-- comment --> | <!-- comment --> |
| .cm-mw-apostrophes-bold, .cm-mw-apostrophes-italic |
bold and italic | '''bold''' ''italic'' | '''bold''' ''italic'' | '''bold''' ''italic'' | '''bold''' ''italic'' |
| Headings | |||||
| pre.cm-mw-section-1 | heading (size not changed in NWE) | = Heading = | = Heading = | = Heading = | = Heading = |
| pre.cm-mw-section-2 | heading (size not changed in NWE) | == Heading == | == Heading == | == Heading == | == Heading == |
| pre.cm-mw-section-3 | heading | === Heading === | === Heading === | === Heading === | === Heading === |
| pre.cm-mw-section-4 | heading | ==== Heading ==== | ==== Heading ==== | ==== Heading ==== | ==== Heading ==== |
| pre.cm-mw-section-5 | heading | ===== Heading ===== | ===== Heading ===== | ===== Heading ===== | ===== Heading ===== |
| pre.cm-mw-section-6 | heading | ====== Heading ====== | ====== Heading ====== | ====== Heading ====== | ====== Heading ====== |
| .cm-mw-section-header | equals signs | == | |||
| Templates | |||||
| example | {{cite book|title=foo bar}} | {{cite book|title=foo bar}} | {{cite book|title=foo bar}} | {{cite book|title=foo bar}} | |
| .cm-mw-template | other template content | foo bar | |||
| .cm-mw-template-name | template name | cite book | cite book | ||
| .cm-mw-template-argument-name | template parameters | title= | title= | ||
| .cm-mw-template-delimiter | pipe | | | | | ||
| .cm-mw-template-bracket | opening/closing brackets | {{ }} | {{ }} | ||
| .cm-mw-template-ground .cm-mw-template2-ground |
whole template (number is the level of nesting) |
{{foo|{{cite book|title=foo bar}}}} | |||
| Variables | |||||
| example | {{{foo|bar}}} | {{{foo|bar}}} | {{{foo bar}}} | {{{foo bar}}} | |
| .cm-mw-templatevariable | variable | bar | |||
| .cm-mw-templatevariable-name | triple-braced variable name | foo | |||
| .cm-mw-templatevariable-bracket | opening/closing brackets | {{{ }}} | |||
| .cm-mw-templatevariable-delimiter | pipe | | | |||
| Parser functions | |||||
| example | {{#assessment: A | High }} | {{PAGENAME}} | |||
| .cm-mw-parserfunction | parser function parameters | High | |||
| .cm-mw-parserfunction-name | parser function name | PAGENAME #invoke | |||
| .cm-mw-parserfunction-bracket | opening/closing brackets | {{ }} | |||
| .cm-mw-parserfunction-delimiter | delimiter | : | |||
| Extension tags | |||||
| Note: The extensions can use own styles and rules for highlighting text inside own tags. For example the Cite extension highlights text inside <ref> tags as a wikitext. | |||||
| example | <poem style="padding: 1em;">string whole line string</poem>
|
<ref name="foo"> </ref> | <tag>...</tag> | <tag>...</tag> | |
| pre.cm-mw-exttag | whole line inside tags | whole line
|
|||
| .cm-mw-exttag | text inside tags | string | |||
| .cm-mw-exttag-name | tag name | poem | |||
| .cm-mw-exttag-bracket | opening/closing brackets | < > | |||
| .cm-mw-exttag-attribute | reference attributes | style="padding: 1em;" | |||
| HTML tags | |||||
| example | <span style="foo">foo bar</span> | <span style="foo">foo bar</span> | <tag style="foo">foo bar</tag> | <tag style="foo">foo bar</tag> | |
| .cm-mw-htmltag-name | HTML tag | span | |||
| .cm-mw-htmltag-bracket | opening/closing brackets | < > | |||
| .cm-mw-htmltag-attribute | parameters and values | style="foo" | |||
|
superscript subscript |
foo<sup>bar</sup> foo<sub>bar</sub> |
Foo<sup>bar</sup> |
|||
| Pre-formatted text | |||||
| pre.cm-mw-tag-pre, .cm-mw-tag-pre |
pre-formatted text | <pre>foo bar</pre> | <pre>foo bar</pre> | <tag>foo bar</tag> | <tag>foo bar</tag> |
| pre.cm-mw-tag-nowiki, .cm-mw-tag-nowiki |
nowiki text | <nowiki>foo bar</nowiki> | <nowiki>foo bar</nowiki> | <tag>foo bar</tag> | <tag>foo bar</tag> |
| Internal links | |||||
| example |
[[foo bar]] [[foo#section|bar]] |
[[foo bar]] [[foo#section|bar]] |
[[foo bar]] [[foo#section|bar]] |
[[foo bar]] [[foo#section|bar]] | |
| .cm-mw-link-pagename | internal link target | foo bar | |||
| .cm-mw-link | # character | #section | |||
| .cm-mw-link-tosection | characters after the # | #section | |||
| .cm-mw-link-bracket | opening/closing brackets | [[ ]] | |||
| .cm-mw-link-text | link label | (no additional formatting) | |||
| .cm-mw-link-delimiter | pipe | | | |||
| .cm-mw-pagename | internal link targets | foo bar | |||
| External links | |||||
| example |
https://www.example.org [https://www.example.org] [https://www.example.org example.org] |
https://www.example.org [https://www.example.org] [https://www.example.org example.org] |
https://example.org [https://example.org] [https://example.org example.org] |
https://example.org [https://example.org] [https://example.org example.org] | |
| .cm-mw-extlink, .cm-mw-free-extlink |
external link target | www.example.org | |||
| .cm-mw-extlink-protocol, .cm-mw-free-extlink-protocol |
protocol | https:// | |||
| .cm-mw-extlink-text | link label | (no additional formatting) | |||
| .cm-mw-extlink-bracket | opening/closing brackets | [ ] | |||
| Tables | |||||
| example |
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Header text !! Header text |- | Example || Example |} |
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Header text !! Header text |- | Example || Example |} |
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Header text !! Header text |- | Example || Example |} |
{| class="wikitable" | |
| .cm-mw-table-bracket | opening/closing brackets and pipe | {| |} | |||
| .cm-mw-table-delimiter | row and column separators | | |- ! | |||
| .cm-mw-table-definition | table classes and styles | class="wikitable" | |||
| .cm-mw-table-caption | header cell text | !caption | |||
| Non-CodeMirror | |||||
| magic words | __TOC__ | __TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
| semi-colon (d.term) | ; foo bar | ||||
| (treated as extension tag) | math | <math>\sum_{i=0}^\infty 2^{-i}</math> | <math>\sum_{i=0}^\infty 2^{-i}</math> | <tag>foo bar</tag> | <tag>foo bar</tag> |
| (treated as extension tag) | syntaxhighlight (former score) | <syntaxhighlight>...</syntaxhighlight> | <syntaxhighlight>...</syntaxhighlight> | <tag>foo bar</tag> | <tag>foo bar</tag> |
| (treated as internal link) | category | [[category:foo bar]] | [[category:foo bar]] | [[category:foo bar]] | [[category:foo bar]] |
| file preview | (file preview at the right-hand edge) | ||||
| character disambig (nbsp thinsp ndash mdash minus etc.) |
 (screenshot)
|
- – — − | |||
Cómo hacerlo para aquellos que no saben casi nada de CSS
- Abre la página [[Special:MyPage/common.css]] en el wiki donde quieres activar esto (usa m:Special:MyPage/global.css para activarlo en todos).
- A continuación, se muestra un ejemplo para listas (
*y#). Añade una líneaal final (cm-mw-list está en la segunda fila de la tabla anterior). Guarda. Abre alguna página con resaltado sintáctico y prueba a usar listas (con * o con #). Green («verde») y red («rojo») se pueden sustituir por cualquier otro color, como #123456 (en RGB)..cm-mw-list {background-color: green; color: red;}
- Guarda y haz pruebas visualizando una ventana del mismo wiki donde haya una lista para que puedas comprobar que funciona como debería (el fondo del símbolo debería ser verde y el símbolo rojo).
- Edita tu common.css para cambiar los colores a los que desees y guarda de nuevo.
- Haz lo mismo para todos los cambios que quieras implementar usando el código de la primera columna de la tabla y los colores de tu elección.
- Si necesitas cambiar a otra paleta de colores para propósitos especiales, puedes comentar un grupo de cláusulas CSS mediante la sintaxis habitual de comentarios de bloque /* ... */, y añadir otro grupo de cláusulas. Para volver a cambiar, alterna el código de comentario de un grupo al otro. Esto es un poco pesado, pero es mejor que no tener la opción de hacerlo.
- Si prefieres tener una paleta de colores en varios wikis y otra en uno o dos, puedes usar archivos locales como se explica en ellos. Las cláusulas de los archivos locales reemplazarán a las del archivo global.