Open Culture/GLAM Glossary/O
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Open refers to a policy or practice that allows reuse and redistribution of materials for any purpose, including commercial. Prohibitions of commercial reuse disqualify a policy or practice from being characterized as open. A number of international initiatives rely on this meaning of open to define data reuse, including the Open Knowledge Foundation.
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Open GLAM refers to the movement. Open GLAM relates to and overlaps with other open initiatives, like open access, open science, open source, or open innovation. (See also OpenGLAM.)
Wikidata: Q17073125 References: Visualization: |
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OpenGLAM refers to a group (note the lack of spacing between “Open” and “GLAM”). OpenGLAM is the specific group of people and organizations (with a new website!) supporting the open GLAM movement. (See also open GLAM.)
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Open mic session refers to an event where anybody is welcomed to take the stage to present, discuss or perform.
Wikidata: Q256869 References: Visualization: |
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Operational impact refers to the results of activities that have led to an improvement or refinement of internal processes to the organisation delivering the activities.
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Orphan work refers to a creative work that may or may not be protected by copyright, but which cannot be conclusively determined due to various missing information. This might be the identity or location of the author or rights holder (if different) to request reuse permissions if in-copyright, or even the date of creation, publication or the author’s death, which may be necessary to determine the public domain status of the work.
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) defines orphan works as “copyrighted works whose owners are difficult or even impossible to locate.” But there are also a lot of works that are in copyright purgatory, in that they might be in the public domain but not enough information is known to make that determination. Wikidata: Q1546053 References: Visualization: |
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Out-of-commerce work is a work that is still protected by copyright but is no longer commercially available because the author(s) and publisher(s) have decided neither to publish new editions nor to sell copies through the customary channels of commerce.
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Outcome refers to an actual or intended change experienced by the stakeholder through their engagement with (an organisation’s) activities.
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Output refers to a tangible, quantifiable and measurable product and service delivered by an activity.
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Owner refers to the possessor of, for example, a material object and/or a digital surrogate in this resource. It is helpful to distinguish “owner” from “rights holder,” because the owner may not own the IPR associated with the material object or digital surrogate. This is often the case with cultural heritage institutions, which steward creative works made by authors who have either retained the IPR or transferred it to another party (i.e., the rights holder), unless the IPR has expired. (See also Rights holder.)
Wikidata: Q16869121 References: Visualization: |
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| Except where otherwise noted, the Open Culture/GLAM Glossary and its supporting documentation are made available under a CC BY 4.0 license. |