Web2Cit

Web2Cit：協作式網路來源自動引用

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維基百科的自動引用產生器（Citoid）大幅減少了插入引用所需的時間、精力和知識，這是維基百科的主要支柱之一。 然而，這些自動產生的引用並不總是如預期般運作（參閱研究）。

Web2Cit標誌

Web2Cit是一個協作式的網路來源自動引用產生器，用來補足Citoid所傳回的引用結果。Web2Cit由社群透過一套相對簡單的工具共同控制，旨在降低改善自動產生引用所需的技術門檻。

Web2Cit

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入門

安裝

要在維基百科使用Web2Cit自動引用，只需安裝我們的使用者腳本到您的維基百科帳號，將以下代碼貼到您所在的維基百科的Special:MyPage/common.js即可：

// Web2Cit
mw.loader.load( '//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Diegodlh/Web2Cit/script.js&action=raw&ctype=text/javascript' ); // Backlink: [[:en:User:Diegodlh/Web2Cit/script.js]]

請閱讀我們的使用者腳本說明文件，以取得詳細說明。

使用

Web2Cit使用者腳本。左圖：「引用」對話框中出現「Web2Cit」核選框表示安裝成功。右圖：頂部的引用來自Citoid；底部的來自Web2Cit

安裝完成後，您若在視覺化編輯器的「引用」對話框中看到一個「Web2Cit」核選框，即可確認安裝成功。

輸入您要引用的URL，然後按一下「產生」。現在您應該會獲得兩個引用結果，而非一個：頂部的來自Citoid，底部的來自Web2Cit。

如果您只想在維基百科使用Web2Cit自動引用，您只需要知道上述內容。

然而，您遲早會發現Citoid和Web2Cit的結果都不正確的URL。請繼續閱讀，了解如何使用Web2Cit來解決問題。

編輯

Web2Cit使用說明影片

Web2Cit工作坊，於LD4 Wikidata Affinity Group通話會議

Web2Cit工作坊（西班牙語），於Wikiherramientas期間

Web2Cit每個網站使用一組三個設定檔，決定Web2Cit如何處理來自該網站（網域）的網頁（路徑）。請閱讀我們的Web2Cit基礎頁面，了解Web2Cit如何運作以及如何組成。

由於這些設定檔是共同定義的，如果您對Web2Cit的提取（又稱「轉譯」）結果不滿意，您可以直接編輯這些檔案，所有Web2Cit使用者的結果都會更新。

開啟編輯器

點擊轉譯摘要頁面上的任何「編輯」連結，即可使用JSON編輯器編輯相應的設定檔。

要編輯設定檔，首先在Web2Cit伺服器開啟目標網頁的轉譯摘要頁面。為此，請按一下「引用」對話框中顯示的引用結果右下角的「Web2Cit」連結（參閱§入門）。或者，直接前往Web2Cit伺服器主頁，輸入目標URL，然後按一下「提取」。

接著，按一下轉譯摘要頁面上顯示的任何「編輯」連結，即可使用我們的JSON編輯器編輯相應的網域設定檔，如以下各小節所述。每次變更設定檔後，請重新載入翻譯摘要頁面，以查看結果的相應變化。

Read the JSON editor section of our Editing documentation and our Server documentation to find out more about them, including how to temporarily save configuration files to a personal sandbox space without affecting all Web2Cit users, how to instruct the Web2Cit server to use configuration files from this sandbox space, and how to include debugging information in the translation summary that may help diagnose unexpected outputs.

新增轉譯測試

Always define a translation test before anything else. Clearly stating what the expected output should be for one or more target webpages is crucial to help you and others maintain Web2Cit configuration for a given website domain.

Always define a translation test before anything else. Clearly stating what the expected output should be for each translation field for a given target webpage will help you and other Web2Cit collaborators maintain Web2Cit configuration files for a given domain.

First, define a translation test for your target webpage, indicating the expected output:

1. Click on the "edit" link next to the "Expected output" header on the translation summary page to edit the domain's tests configuration file using our JSON editor.
2. If no translation test for the target webpage has been created, add a new translation test and enter the webpage's path.
3. Add one or more test fields and indicate the expected output. Read our Tests documentation to find out more.
4. Save the configuration file back to the Web2Cit storage.

If defining an translation test is all you can or want to do, that's great already! Your test will help other contributors define translation templates (see below), and will be used to regularly check the health of the Web2Cit system (see Watch changes below).

新增轉譯模板

So far you or somebody else will have indicated the expected output for your target webpage. But that doesn't include how to actually get that result!

Web2Cit uses translation templates to extract citation metadata from web sources. To define a translation template based on your target webpage:

1. Click on the "edit" link next to the "Translation output" header on the translation summary page to edit the domain's templates configuration file using the JSON editor.
2. If no translation template based on your target webpage has been created previously, add a new translation template and type in the target webpage's path.
3. Add one or more template fields, each including at least one translation procedure. Procedures comprise a series of selection and transformation steps that specify how to retrieve and transform citation metadata. Read our Templates documentation to find out more.
4. Save the configuration back to the Web2Cit storage.

Remember each translation template must be based on a specific webpage. This should be indicated on the template's path. Anyways, translation templates can still be used to translate other similar pages from the same website.

In some cases, multiple templates per website might be needed. These can be can be grouped into separate translation subgroups based on URL path patterns. Read our Templates and Patterns documentation to find out more.

Once you are happy with your configuration, go back to Wikipedia and retry generating a citation for your target URL.

觀察變更

A sample Web2Cit monitor results page. Add any of these to your watchlist and be notified whenever test results change.

Finally, the Web2Cit monitor regularly checks whether translation outputs from Web2Cit match the expected outputs defined in translation tests.

Test results are written to a series of per-domain result pages on-wiki which you can add to your watchlist to get a notification whenever test results change. The full list of test result pages can be checked on the overview page.

Read the Web2Cit monitor documentation to find more about it.

幫助

說明文件

以下文件說明Web2Cit如何運作：

• Basics: a quick overview of how Web2Cit works and the parts that make the Web2Cit ecosystem.
• Fields: translation field types and details.
• Templates: what are translation templates and how they work.
• Tests: what are translation tests and how they work.
• Patterns: what are URL path patterns and how they work.
• Editing: how to edit Web2Cit configuration.

User and developer documentation about the parts that make the Web2Cit ecosystem can be reached from the Basics documentation page.

支援

Understanding Web2Cit can be challenging at first. If you need further help you can:

• Open a new thread at the discussion page of this or any other Web2Cit page
• Open a new task on Phabricator, using the Web2Cit umbrella project tag.

尋問他人

Web2Cit is a collaborative effort to improve automatic citations in Wikipedia. If you have questions you may also reach other members of the Web2Cit community directly. Check the Web2Cit contributors category for users who have added this category to their profile page. And feel free to add that category to your profile page too if you are a Web2Cit contributor yourself!

如何貢獻

配置

The simplest way of contributing to Web2Cit is by helping collaboratively create and maintain domain configuration files as described above.

翻譯

Web2Cit is collaboratively translated into different languages. Different parts of Web2Cit are translated differently:

Metawiki頁面

To translate pages like this one, check whether there is a banner at the top with a "translate this page" link. If yes, just click there to start translating. If not, it means the page is not ready (yet) for translation. You can bring this to notice in the corresponding discussion page.

使用者介面

The Web2Cit server interface is available for collaborative translation on translatewiki.net.

This does not currently include the Web2Cit JSON editor. It is planned that its interface and contents be available for collaborative translation under the same translatewiki.net project. In the meantime, you may use automatic translation provided by some web browsers.

Web2Cit狀態顯示器

The Web2Cit monitor produces overview, log and result pages that are made using custom templates. Please, help us translating those to have those pages translated to your language (see T321606).

說明文件

As most Wikimedia tools, Web2Cit is collaboratively documented. We made our best effort to provide some basic general and technical documentation, but we understand there is still lots of room for improvement. Feel free to improve what we currently have!

開發

All Web2Cit code is open source and free software. Please check the pages for our different software components to find out more about how to contribute:

• Web2Cit核心
• Web2Cit伺服器
• Web2Cit JSON編輯器
• Web2Cit整合編輯器
• Web2Cit使用者腳本
• Web2Cit監視器

鳴謝

Web2Cit最初是在維基媒體基金會的資助下，根據Strainu提出的構想開發的。

以下為初始團隊成員：

• Diego de la Hera擔任專案經理兼首席開發人員。
• Evelin Heidel擔任溝通與社群經理。
• Gimena del Rio Riande、Nidia Hernández、Romina De León為研究團隊成員。
• Dennis Tobar擔任Web2Cit狀態顯示器開發人員。

特別感謝我們的諮詢委員會，他們從專案一開始就為我們的開發工作提供協助。

替代方案

Web2Cit不一定是最佳選擇。請參考以下替代方案：

• If you think it's unlikely that somebody else will benefit from the extra work of configuring a website in Web2Cit, simply fix the citation generated by Citoid manually. This may be trivial if simply having to add or fix a field, but may require extra effort if the citation template must be changed. This is the fastest way, but doesn't benefit others citing sources from the same website.
• Talk to the webmaster of the website you are trying to cite and convince them to embed structured metadata. Webpages that include structured metadata are generally understood seamlessly by Citoid. This is the best solution long term.
• If you know JavaScript (or can find someone who does) edit or create the specific Zotero translator for the website you are trying to cite. Note that this may take some time until your changes are merged into the Zotero's repository, and then until updates are pulled into Wikimedia. This is the most advanced option, but also one more powerful than Web2Cit.

參見

• List of problematic URLs. A collaborative list of URLs for which Citoid returns incorrect or incomplete results.
• List of Web2Cit tools on Wikimedia's Toolhub.
• Web2Cit說明文件